Equity portfolio management - Free Essay Example

Introduction Equity portfolio management includes passive management and active management. This two type of management are different in theory, objective and strategy. Some argue that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“hybridà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  active/passive equity portfolio management styles exist, but such styles really are variations of active management philosophies (Brown, and Reilly, 2012). In this article, firstly, we will define active and passive management and discuss about the differences between these. Secondly, we will talk about the strategies of active and passive management with some example. Thirdly, we will analysis two managementsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ advantages and disadvantages with some examples. Finally will be a recommendation of management style choosing. Differences between Active management and passive management Active management refers to a portfolio management strategy where the managers make many specific investments with the goal of outperforming an investment benchmark index (Fuller, Han, and Tung, 2010) The aim of active management is to deliver a high return in the whole market. In another way to say, it aims to beat the return from a particular market index or benchmark (Vanguard, 2012). Investors could choose an adapt opportunity to adjust the portfolio, which could achieve the maximum profit and minimum risk. The active management is based on the assumption of inefficiency market; the debenture always has the correctness of pricing when the interest rate changed. Active management also depend on the human element, such as team managers, the single manager or co-managers, which could operate the portfolio with a convenience, efficiency and flexible way (Loth, 2014). The human element could depend on the current market to analyse, judge and forecast the debenture with their own experience; they know the time, when will buy or sell. Moreover, active management does not believe the efficient market hypothesis, managers believe that the market always has some incorrect price and other leaks, which is unconscious; they could use these leaks to maximum the profit. Passive management is a financial strategy in which a fund manager makes as few portfolio decisions as possible in order to minimize transaction costs, including the incidence of capital gains tax. One popular method is to mimic the performance of an externally specified index (Fuller, Han, and Tung, 2010). The goal of a passive portfolio is to match the returns to the index as closely as possible (Brown, and Reilly, 2012). This management believe the efficiency market hypothesis; it determines that the time line of market could reflect all the information, some specific stock pick will be fail, and the best strategy of investing is based on the index. (Loth, 2014) the passive management just follows the market, and have a less charge, all the data of stocks will be analyzed by the computer, and show to the investors. When the investors uses the passive management, it is that the investors do not care about the good performance of specific stock, they focus on the whole stocks have a good performance, and get the profit. Investors need collect all the stocks and bonds to achieve an excellent return. (Anspach, 2014) In conclude, an active decision could be thought as an investor making choices among many possible choices in order to create a portfolio. Passive investing is commonly viewed as not involving very many, if any, active decisions or arbitrary choices in the investment process. Strategies Active management strategies Active management strategies include fundamental, technical and asset allocation strategies. Fundamental strategies include the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Top-Downà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Bottom-Upà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ approach. Top-down approach means that managers could start looking at the market as a whole, and then determine which industries or sectors are likely to do well given the current economic cycle. When the choice has made, the selection of specific stocks will be possible to have a best for a company. The Bottom-up has ignored the market conditions and expected return. Companies are based on the financial statement, product line, P/E, Growth and others to evaluate themselves, this approach means that the well-running companies will have a good performance, no matter what market conditions and expected return. (Loth, 2014) Secondly, Technical strategies means that the charts or grapes could determine the direction of stock, investors could depend on these direction to buy or sell. It could show the market is bull or bear, determine the time of buying or selling, and forecast the trend of stocks. Such as the Moving average, which is 50 days and 100 days, when the line of 50 days over the line of 100 days, this is a sign of buying, which means that the price of stocks will increasing in the future, or reverse. Contrarian investment strategy means that investors could buy some poor performance stocks, and sell them when these stocks have good performance. The price momentum strategies means that the good performance stocks will maintain a while, investors could buy these stocks, and sell them when these stocks get better. The earnings momentum strategies means when the earning per share of a company is increasing, then the sales or other index will increasing, investors could depend on this way to buy sto cks, which get the profit. The last on is the asset allocation strategies, which include the integrated asset allocation, strategic asset allocation, tactical asset allocation and insured asset allocation. The strategic asset allocation means that investors could hold the stocks and bonds as their asset, such as if an investor hold 50% stocks and 50% bonds, which has historical 10% and 5% return per year, then the total return of asset will be 7.5% per year. The tactical asset allocation could be a short-term; investors could continually adjust the asset to adapt the changing market. This way is flexible, which could fit for the different market situation. The insured asset strategy means that the portfolio of investors should have a basic return, if the portfolio achieves the basic return, the investors should increase the management, and achieve the maximum return. If the portfolio maintains the basic return, the investors will have a riskless asset. The investors and managers could change the weight of asse t, and over the basic return. Integrated asset allocation could examine the capital market conditions, investorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s objectives and constrains, this considers the economic expectation and the risk when the investors establish the mix asset, could not only consider the expectation, but also the actual change in capital market. It analyses the ability of risk tolerance. Investors could depend on the actual market situation to make the decision for changing mix asset or improve the mix asset. Passive management strategies For the strategies of passive management, it is index portfolio strategy, which include the full replication, sampling and quadratic optimization. Full replication means that the managers could purchase by the weight, which is similar with the index, which could be easy to track the index. The sampling means that ETF could provide a lot of pure physical replication, therefore, using the sampling techniques could be a good way to find a adapt index, in general, fund could utilize sampling to choose the index, and weighting. Such as the MSCI world index has more 1,600 sticks, buying all stocks is impossible, and inefficient, using sampling to choose a small weighting could achieve the correct target. Moreover, sampling is a cheap and statistical way, through buying the sample stock could know the weight in index. A small number of stocks could determine that the charge is less, fewer problem of reinvestment, and less difficult for rebalance. (Hughes, 2014) The quadratic optimization could comfirm the mix investing, which depend on the historic data and relevant information. This way could significantly decrease the tracking error for the index. The market will change with the time, which may cause the incorrect index. The formula is, the tracking error could be determined by . Therefore, investors could reply on this way to minimum the error of tracking index. Analysis and Evidences Through the comparison of passive and active management, investors could directly know when they should use the passive or active management, or how to use them. The passive management has some advantages, the investors have a lower fees, they do not need to analyse the stocks in the index, and it has transparency, investors know the time to buy or sell some kinds of stocks, moreover, the hold and buy of index fund will not large tax, because of the limited investing amount. The tax efficiency is high. The passive investor also could avoide the challenges and costs, which associate with the active managers. In the complex world, the smartest people also could stumble, and go to trouble. Beating the market is a difficult thing. However, passive management require the investors accept the configuration of indexes, no matter how risk holding and inherent. The SP 500 is managed by a committee which considers many factors, such as market capitalizations, sector representation, liquidity and positive earnings; holdings are adjusted regularly. By contrast, the Russell indexes has a rule per year, which is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“to ensure new and growing equities are reflected.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Poor performance Companies, in some cases, can be a material portion of a Russell index. In the case of bonds, some indexes do not account for defaults until they occur and occasionally contain illiquid securities (Whitehead, 2012) The passive management also will assumes a significant weighting to individual securities. The stocks will be larger, the money is valued by market capitalization in the indexes, which lead to the emphasis on some good performance companies or industries, forcing them to undertake the risks. Such as, over 30 percent of the SP 500 was invested in the energy sector in the 1970s and in technology and telecommunications in the 1990s, and 20 percent in financials, then in few years, the collapse of those sectors was because of large cap passive portfolios. For individual companies, passive management expose investorsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ risks. For example, Nortel accounted occupy 36 percent in the Toronto Stock Exchangeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s main index in 2000, then its market capitalization dropped from $250 billion to less than $50 million, and bankruptcy in January 2008. Likewise, the top five mega-stocks occupy one-third of the loss in the SP 500 when the technology bubble burst in 2000. T herefore, the index may cause a significant risk. (Whitehead, 2012) For the advantage of active management, firstly, there is an opportunity for outperformance in active management as it aim to beat the index. Active management is flexible, which is different with the passive management, not require hold specific stock or bond. The hedging is also important, which managers could use short sales and put option to protect the investors minimum the losses. The investors could go out the specific holding risk, moreover, the active management could maintain the investors have a stable investing strategy and principle, higher average level record, and restrict risk management. For the disadvantage of active management, active management have a significant pressure, when the manager operate the investing, these mangers afraid the failure, they are always cooperation each other, they are investing defensively and avoid big error. The active management also will have relevant risk, such as the loss of personnel or clients, lagging performance, out-favour of strategy or style. The change of investing principle will lead to change of ownership. Recommendations The manager of active management maybe more useful in specialised areas, such as the technology, smaller companies and the emerging market. Passive management is suitable for the easy trade, such as Smetters, people has known this company that active managers are unlikely to gain any special insight. (Wharton, 2015) In my recommendation, the passive management is better than active management. This result is depend on the investorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s behaviour, current stock market, managerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s attitude and lower risk. Moreover passive management has lower charge, and convenience, investors could depend on the index to adjust their asset, and buying stocks. In recently, the active managers has a negative attitude, they afraid the fail, and be negative to make decision. Therefore, the passive management is better. References: Anspach, D. (2014) What Is The Difference Between Active and Passive Investing? About Money. [online] Available from: https://moneyover55.about.com/od/howtoinvest/a/activevspassive.htm [Accessed 12 March, 2015]. Brown, K.C. and Reilly, F.K. (2012)Analysis of Investments Management of Portfolios. 10th ed. Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning. Fuller, R.J., Han, B. and Tung, Y.N. (2010) Thinking about indices and passive versus active management.Journal of Portfolio Management. 36 (4), pp. 35-47. Hughes, E.A (2012) Replication strategies for exchange-traded funds. FT Adviser [online]Available from: https://www.ftadviser.com/2014/03/19/investments/etfs-and-trackers/replication-strategies-for-exchange-traded-funds-GY6qJxCjhijedHruPpSm1I/article.html [Accessed 12 March, 2015]. Loth, R. (2014) Passive VS Active Management. Investopdia. [online] Available from: https://www.investopedia.com/university/quality-mutual-fund/chp6-fund-mgmt/ [Accessed 12 March, 2015]. Vanguard Asset Management (2012) Active and passive investing What do you need to know. [online]Available from: https://www.vanguard.co.uk/documents/portal/literature/active-passive-investing-guide.pdf [Accessed 12 March, 2015]. Wharton, University of Pennsylvana (2015) Active vs. Passive Investing: Which Approach Offers Better Returns? [online] Available from: https://executiveeducation.wharton.upenn.edu/thought-leadership/wharton-wealth-management-initiative/wmi-thought-leadership/active-vs-passive-investing-which-approach-offers-better-returns [Accessed 12 March, 2015]. Whitehead, R. (2012) Active versus passive investing. [online] Available from: https://www.abbotdowning.com/_asset/jnq16k/ActiveVersusPassiveInvesting.pdf [Accessed 12 March, 2015]. 1

The Battle of Antietam Essay - 1916 Words

September 16-18, 1862, outside of the town of Sharpsburg, Maryland, between the Potomac River and Antietam Creek, was the location of the bloodiest battle in American history. Confederate Colonel Stephen D. Lee described it as â€Å"Artillery Hell† because of the frightful toll on his gunners and horses from Federal counter battery and infantry fire. (AotW, 2014) The battle of Antietam, or the Battle of Sharpsburg, would collect an estimated 23,100 total casualties (Luvaas and Nelson, 1987). The body count far exceeded any of the other three battles waged in the Maryland Campaign (Harpers Ferry, South Mountain, and Shepherdstown). This battle was a contributing factor in the outcome of our country and the rest of the world. The Union Army†¦show more content†¦Let us probe deeper into our countries darkest days. Civil War: Many notable Officers served during the Antietam battle that shaped the outcome of the Civil War. Major General George B. McClellan commanded the Federal Army comprised of 87,164 troops and 275 artillery cannons, while General Robert E. Lee commanded the Confederate Army with 41,000 troops and 194 guns. (Alexander, 2013). Along with notable Officers, there was notable Non-Commissioned Officers (NCO). One such NCO, who received a battlefield commission, was â€Å"Commissary Sergeant William McKinley (later President) of the 23rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry who distinguished himself during the Battle of Antietam for getting needed rations to his men during the heat of battle.† (Elder, 2003) Before the conflict between the North and South over freeing the slaves, the two sides always had conflict over certain issues such as differences in cultures, differences in climate and differences in geography. Their differences really became a problem when talks about the gaining of Nebraska and Kansas as states and whether they should be slave or Free State. During the time before the Civil War, the slaves worked hard with no pay. The treatment of slaves was harsh and they never were treated as U.S. citizens. In 1860, Abraham Lincoln became president with the Republican Party, having anti-Slavery elections. TheShow MoreRelatedBattle of Antietam1281 Words   |  6 PagesMarx Bacungan Battle of Antietam Notes On September 17, 1862, Generals Robert E. Lee and George McClellan faced off near Antietam creek in Sharpsburg, Maryland, in the the first battle of the American Civil War to be fought on northern soil. [1] Though the result of the battle was inconclusive, it  remains the bloodiest single day in American history, with  more than 22,000 casualties. [1] General Robert E. Lee advanced into Maryland, believing that the potential strategic and politicalRead MoreThe Battle of Antietam Creek600 Words   |  3 PagesThe Battle of Antietam Creek The Battle of Antietam Creek was a very bloody and important battle in the Civil war. 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Argumentative Essay On Islamophobia - 805 Words

The United States Representative Andrà © Carson shows strong passion when it comes to Islamophobia in the United States; publicly voicing his opinion by saying â€Å"Donald Trumps impulsivity concerns me. He’s fanning the flames of xenophobia and Islamophobia, and the American people are speaking out against it.† Islamophobia, as defined by Merriam Webster as an irrational fear of, aversion to, or discrimination against Islam or people who practice Islam. Islamophobia is all too common in the United States. Ever since the Trump announced his candidacy for president, his â€Å"disturbing,† â€Å"disgusting,† and â€Å"outrageous† are the terms many are using for explaining his rhetoric. While many Republicans argue that Islam deserves the rhetoric they are†¦show more content†¦Any academic source will completely back the notion that Islam in its entirety is not a hate-filled religion. The right is making them seem like they are all hateful, but the majority are peace-loving religious followers Hate crimes are a second major hurdle Muslims need to jump. Hate crimes are issues that, regardless of political opinion, need to be addressed. Conservatives and liberals alike all agree that persecution of ones beliefs is wrong. Hate crimes have been on the rise ever since terrorists attacked the twin towers on September 11, 2001. Terrorism results in blaming the entirety of the Islam for the actions of those the perpetrators, rather than just upon those who committed the crime. Islamophobic attacks have been destroying communities internationally; everything from shootings, rapes, robberies, to mosque burnings, have been seen by the by the Greater Manchester Police. The Greater Manchester Police revealed an alarming figure to the European populous; a five-hundred-and-five percent increase in hate crimes against Muslims who had done absolutely nothing wrong, Muslims who are following their own set of beliefs, your neighbor, teacher, firefighter, clerk(Halliday). All Muslims see an i mpact. Hate crimes can come from many different sources. Terrorism is, and will always, drive Islamophobia; there is no way of changing

Social Class An Inspector Calls Essay Example For Students

Social Class An Inspector Calls Essay How does J. B Priestly Turn What He Has Seen, thought and felt into literature and whats your opinion of the view of life which he presents to us in An Inspector Calls?  J. B Priestly was born in Bradford 1894. His father was a school teacher and his mother died while Priestly was very young. He attended Grammar school but he left school to pursue his passion for writing and literature whilst working as a clerk in an office. In this period of time the social classes were very distinguishable, only rich men could vote, and the opinions of the poor were ignored. In 1914 at the age of twenty, Priestly was called to fight in the first world war. He became increasingly angry at the decisions made by the upper classes who were in charge of the war, as he saw many of his friends and colleagues die. What he saw in the war made Priestly want to give the upper class a message through his writing. Priestly believed the world, especially the upper classes werent ready for war. An inspector calls was written in 1945 after the second world war had ended. The play has many examples of how Priestly thought the class system was wrong, Priestly did this knowing it would mostly be the upper classes that saw the play. The characters in the play each portray a certain social class or generation.  Mr Birling represents the upper class male. He is very arrogant towards the lower class. He is also very greedy, his daughter Sheila is engaged to Gerald Croft another wealthy business man; however Birling sees the marriage not as love but more of a business deal, Your father and I have been friendly rivals in business for some time now-though Crofts Limited are both older and bigger than Birling and Company-and now youve brought us together, and perhaps we can look forward to time when Crofts and Birlings are no longer competing but working together-for lower costs and higher prices. This proves the greedy nature of Mr Birling. He is a stereo-type of the upper class, this makes it easier for the audience to relate this. Mr Birling thinks he is always right and is superior to others, Priestly had experienced many times the beliefs by the upper classes that they knew more and had more valid opinions. The Germans dont want war. Nobody wants war, except some half-civilised folks in the Balkans. He states superiority to some kind of inferior race. A lot of the time he thinks he knows everything when really he doesnt. Like when he starts rambling on about the Titanic and how its unsinkable. The audience of Priestlys time knows the Titanic sank, and that Birling is one of these know it alls. When the Inspector arrives Birling appears not to care about Eva Smith and instead wishes the inspector would go away: Hes always trying to disassociate himself from Evas death. Suicide of course. Yes, yes. Horrible business. But I dont understand why you should come here, Inspector- This shows Birling trying to disassociate himself.  Later, when the inspector has revealed that Mr Birling sacked Eva, Birling is talking about how he had to come down sharp on the working class or else they would have been asking for the Earth, the inspector replies,  They might. But after all its better to ask for the Earth than to take it. This is aimed at Birling because he is exploiting the poor, and taking what he wants from them with out remorse. Priestly comments on this because he wants the upper class to stop acting in such a selfish way. .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 , .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 .postImageUrl , .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 , .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602:hover , .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602:visited , .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602:active { border:0!important; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602:active , .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602 .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc5f897d74e7aed8789ea569c36504602:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: God forbid EssayMrs Birling is just as bad as her husband if not worse. When Eva is near the end of her troubles she turns to Mrs Birling who owns a charity group aiding people. When Eva arrives, she uses the name Mrs Birling. Mrs Birling is angry at this and therefore closes Evas case. Leaving Eva with no help even from a charity group. Priestly hates how the upper class are so selfish and single minded. Up until that point Eva had been sacked twice, fell in love then dumped in an instant, got pregnant from a one night stand and then was turned down by the only help she could get. Mrs Birling also believes every thing Mr Birling says about the working class. Gerald is another member of the upper class who is always agreeing with Mr Birling,  Birling: They worked us hard in those days and kept us short of cash. Though even then-we broke out and had a bit of fun sometimes  Gerald: Ill bet you did. Gerald is agreeing with him probably because Mr Birling seems to him as much older and wiser although Geralds family are more wealthy than Birlings. Gerald greatly exploits the poor like Birling does in work, with low wages and getting higher prices for himself.

Young Goodman Brown Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Young Goodman Brown Argumentative Essay Nathaniel Hawthorne comes from an interesting background. He was born in Salem and later returned to live there. He was a descendant of William Hathorne, a puritan judge who persecuted Quakers, and John Hathorne, a puritan magistrate who participated in the Salem witch trials. Hawthorne’s kinship to these two notables of puritan history makes the story â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† all the more interesting. Hawthorne alludes to John Hathorne when he writes about Goodman Brown’s â€Å"fellow traveler† commenting on Brown’s grandfather, who â€Å"lashed the Quaker woman so smartly through the streets of Salem.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Young Goodman Brown† is about one man’s journey through the woods with the devil and his encounters that make him doubt his faith in himself, his wife, and the community in which they reside. The theme of this story is that beyond any intangible evil, the evil that men do is ultimately the more damaging. Throughout the s tory Hawthorne uses setting and characters as symbols representing different aspects of good and evil and he uses the plot to develop the eventual win-over of evil over â€Å"Goodman† Brown’s â€Å"Faith.†Not surprisingly â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† takes place in Salem during the puritan era. The story begins with Goodman Brown departing from his wife in the village to meet with and take a stroll in the forest with a â€Å"fellow-traveler† the devil. We will write a custom essay on Young Goodman Brown Argumentative specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The contrast between the forest and the town is symbolic. On the outside, it seems like a normal, religious puritan village, but when one goes in deep, one sees there is a center of darkness. The deep, dark forest in the puritan town represents the internal evil of the villagers. The forest is viewed as mysterious, unknown and inhabited by the devil, while the town is pleasant safe and where his wife, â€Å"Faith,† is. During Goodman Brown’s walk through the â€Å"dark forest,† he sees and learns that many of his mentors and relatives have chosen the path of evil. The forest is where all the respectable people of the town go to vent their evil while outside of the forest, they seem like they are pure and good. Hawthorne adds to the symbolism by personifying the trees â€Å"which barely stood aside to let the narrow path creep through† as Brown â€Å"walks alongside a dreary road.†Hawthorne uses the characters of the story also to represent good and evil. The names of the main character and his wife are ironic. Faith, in the literal context of the story, is Goodman Brown’s wife. In the connotative sense, Faith represents Brown’s actual faith in God and goodness of humankind. She is a symbol of Brown’s faith who then becomes tainted by evil. The pink ribbons in Faith’s cap represent purity, white, tainted by the evilness of the devil, red. He believes that his wife, Faith is good. Although the devil shows Brown that his father, the deacon, and the rest of the townspeople turned to evil, he will not go with the Devil because of his thoughts of Faith. There is a certain point in the journey when he asks where his Faith is, at this point, he is symbolically seeking his own faith in goodness, or the righteous path and is wondering why he is on this path with the devil. Toward the end, when he sees his wife among the others in the woods, a participant of the ceremony, he loses faith. He wakes up and is lef t miserable, alone and distrustful of all the villagers including his wife. The main character’s name, Goodman Brown, is ironic because for all his â€Å"goodness† and faith in his beliefs, he becomes the one person in the village who personifies evil. In the end of the story, the event changes Goodman Brown’s life and, whether it was reality or a trick played by the devil in Brown’s dream, the effect it had on him lasts the rest of his life. Brown doesn’t trust anyone, He doubts everyone, and sees evil in everyone. He becomes â€Å"stern, sad, darkly meditative, and distrustful.† Brown would not participate in singing holy psalms. Goodman Brown â€Å"would turn pale whenever the minister spoke from the bible.† He shrank from his wife, scowled when his â€Å"family knelt down for prayer† and his â€Å"dying

Child Beauty Pageants Should Be Banned Essay Example

Child Beauty Pageants Should Be Banned Essay Example Child Beauty Pageants Should Be Banned Essay Child Beauty Pageants Should Be Banned Essay Child beauty pageants should be banned Child beauty pageants should be banned because they cause children, especially little girls, to use artificial means to boost their self esteem. People were not born with makeup, spray tans, big hair, and false teeth. Beauty pageants set false rules on beauty. They make children believe they have to wear make-up, jewelry, wigs, fake nails, and other acessories to be beautiful. Every child is beautiful in their own way. Their beauty is natural and they shouldnt have to have anyones opinion on the way they look. Beauty pageants can also cause serious mental and health issues. They can lead to depression, anorexia, suicide, and many other serious issues. Children might starve themselves to lose which could lead to eating disorders. Beauty pageants can cause depression, and depression may later lead to a suicide Children shouldnt be forced to be in pageants. Mothers try to live their dream through their children. Children shouldnt get their lives taken away from them. They only get one childhood, they dont get it back after its over. Any parent placing their child in these types of pageants, based solely on looks, is giving their child the attitude that appearance can get you anywhere in life. It is wrong to teach children that looks are the most important asset to possess. I am not stating that children shouldnt be encouraged to develop a talent or skill, and compete with that talent or skill, I am stating that competing over looks is sending the wrong message to children.

Post ww2 fiction and film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Post ww2 fiction and film - Essay Example In The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie similarly damaged people are considered, particularly the title character who draws a few to her but rejects many others. A Clockwork Orange portrays a nightmarish future world, taking several features of 1950’s/1960’s life to their logical conclusions. The title is suggestive of all these works: the people appear to be alive on the outside, but are â€Å"clockwork† (dead) within. The extent to which novels and films can reflect actual problems within society versus the fact that they are reflections of an individual author’s/filmmaker’s view of the world is one that can never be entirely resolved. In reality, novelists and directors live within societies and are thus influenced by them, yet at the same time they are portraying their individual perspectives. Three very distinct novels, such as The Prime of Miss Jean Brody, Saturday Night and Sunday Morning and A Clockwork Orange, reflect often nightmarish versions of society. A common theme among all three of them is the place of the individual within society. That is, how far can the individual act in a purely independent manner versus the need to conform? Each novel tackles this question in a different manner and comes to contrasting conclusions. The main characters in each novel are indeed â€Å"individualistic†, in the fact that they follow their own course (often counter to what â₠¬Ëœsociety’ wants for them), and their often difficult fates illustrate the dangers of being an individual. The issue of conformity versus eccentricity is as relevant today as it was in post-war British society, and thus can inform a discussion of problems that are being faced today. The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie is set in Scotland during the 1930’s. As such it represents a consideration of the interwar rather than the post-war period., but many of its themes resonate to the latter period. The teacher of the title is determined to actually teach the young women at her